Single unit hydraulic check



Nov. 20, 195] F. c. LORNITZO 2,575,389-

SINGLE UNIT HYDRAULIC CHECK Filed June 2, 1949 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. fial-zczz wm'zgo Amt-22g 1951 F. C..LORNITZO SINGLE UNIT HYDRAULIC CHECK 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 2, 1949 F. C. LORNITZO SINGLE UNIT HYDRAULIC CHECK Nav. 20, 195] 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed June 2, 1949 INVENTOR. ma

m Q M mz-zzg;

NQW 19511 F. c. LORNITZO SINGLE UNIT HYDRAULIC CHECK 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed June 2, 1949 INVENTOR. Chi-align .aiii azzg Patented Nov. 2O,- 1951 SINGLE UNIT HYDRAULIC CHECK Frank C. Lornitzo, Pawtucket, R. I., assignor to Pantex Manufacturing Corporation, Central Falls, R. I., a corporation of Delaware Application June 2, 1949, Serial No. 96,646

5 Claims.

My invention relates to a single unit hydraulic check for checking portions of the opposite strokes of a member moving alternately in opposite directions and is particularly adapted for use in checking the movement of a pressing member of a garment pressing machine during the opening and closing portions of its opening and closing strokes, although my improved unit may be employed for checking the opposite strokes of any member moving alternately in opposite directions.

When a member reciprocates or oscillates in opposite directions and it has been desired to check the movement thereof in both directions, it has been usual in the prior art to provide a separate hydraulic check or dash-pot for checking the movements of said member in each directionl While others have attempted to provide single unit hydraulic checks for this purpose, these have usually employed a plurality of cylinders and hence have been in effect multiple unit devices. Employing my improved single unit structure, I am enabled to provide a check which will function to check the movement of the moving member in one direction and also the reverse movement of the moving member in the opposite direction.

My invention comprises a reservoir mounted against axial movement (rigidly mounted to check a direct reciprocating movement, and pivotally mounted to check an oscillating movement), having a cylindrical inner wall and annular valve seats adjacent each end thereof and reservoir extensions beyond said valve seats. I also telescopically mount a reciprocating cylinder Within said reservoir of such small diameter as to provide annular axial passage means between the outer Wall thereof and the inner cylindrical wall of the reservoir connected respectively to said reservoir extensions, of a length to reciprocate at least a short distance to be alternately in contact with an opposite valve seat, having hollow closures forming valve means in each end thereof and providing axial passage means from the center of said cylinder leading to each re spective reservoir extension, closable as said cylinder moves into contact with the respective valve seat to stop the passage of fluid to its reservoir extension and having radial passage means intermediate the ends thereof. I also provide a piston head reciprocal in said cylinder to also reciprocate said cylinder to bring an end thereof against its respective valve seat, a piston rod connected to said piston head projecting upwardly through the upper cylinder valve and reservoir valve seat and extendin through the upper end of the reservoir and having its upper end operably connectible to said moving member, each respective end of the reservoir having a reducing by-pass line preferably of progressively decreasing effective area connected to the axial passage means between said cylinder and reservoir, operable when the piston head passes beyond said radial passage means in said cylinder to provide a preferably progressively increasing cushioning effect as said movable member nears the end of its stroke in each direction.

So far as I am aware, my structure of providing a reciprocating cylinder within a hollow reservoir movable by the fluid pressure to alternately close and open valves in each respective end thereof and providing cushioning by-pass means at each end thereof for cushioning the movement is novel.

My structure is an extremely advantageous one. A main advantage is that the cylinder which absorbs the pressure is locked in the fluid reservoir and any leakage is internal.

Another advantage of my structure is that internal by-pass lines only are used, these being formed by the novel annular space between the inner cylindrical surface of the reservoir and the outer surface of the cylinder, so that any leakage is also internal.

Afurther advantage of my invention resides in the fact that all by-pass lines are constructed so that high fluid pressures are conflnedwithin the cylinder.

A further feature of my invention resides in the fact that pressure seals along the piston rod are substantially eliminated.

A further feature of my invention resides in the fact that the inner cylinder alone is subject to wear and is, therefore, the only part which in time may need replacement.

A further feature of my invention resides in the fact that the flow of the by-pass fluid through the annular space permits better distribution of heat due to internal friction in the fluids and thereby dissipating the frictional heat over a large surface.

A further feature of my invention resides in the fact that the cylinder, which is always immersed in oil, can be made out of ordinary steel and it will not rust as it is continuously submerged in the non-corrosive hydraulic fluid.

A further feature of my invention, therefore, comprises the fact that all of the internal parts can be made out of corrosive materials, whereas the housing only need be made out of a corrosion proof material.

A further feature of my invention resides in the structure of the means I employ comprising the valve means at the upper end of the cylinder.

A further feature of my invention relates to the construction of the upper end of the-"reservoir. The guide means or bearing for the piston rod is separated into two portions or'bearings in such a way that only the'lowerportion of'the.

" ber moving alternately in opposite directions, it

was primarily designed and has been largely used to date for checking the movement of the pressing member of a garment pressing machine of the guide means or lower bearing is exposed to" high fluid pressures and confines any leakage along the guide means hearing or dash-pot to the lower portion thereof, which is always immersed in the fluid.

A further feature of my invention resides in the fact that the spaced ribs of the guide means provide additional storage space.

A further feature of my invention residesinthe novel means I employ for filling the reservoir.

A further feature of my improved construction resides inthe fact thatthe lay-pass can become effective at any desired portion of the cylinder and hence stroke of the moving member, afeature which is often desirable ina pressing-:ma-

chine, as a large portion of the closing stroke takes place after closing-while applying pressing pressure, and the cushioning by-pass can be made to function very early in the closing strokeof my improved check.

Afurther feature of oneembodiment ofrny invention resides in the fact that one element may provide the.upper icy-pass and also aportion of the lower by-pass.

Further features ofv my invention reside in the fact that either or both lay-passes may be made of progressivelydecreasing effective area to provide progressively-increasing cushioning effects.

In the drawings, Fig. l is a side elevation of a garment pressing machine equipped with my invention.

.Figsr2, 3, 4 and Bare'identical vertical sectional views of my improved check shownin- Fig. 1, shown in different positions,; namely, innFig. 2, with the pressing lever about to open; andishowing the oilflow in this position by arrows, Fig. 3, with the pressing lever almost openand. also showing the oil flow by arrows, .Fig. 4; with the pressing lever about to close and showing the oil flow by arrows, Fig. 5, with the pressing lever al most closed and showing the oil flow by arrows.

Figs. 6, 7, 8, 9 and 11 are cross sectional views taken along the respective lines li 5, L4, 3-3, 99 and ll-Il of Fig. 2.

Fig. 10 is a cross sectional view taken along the line Ifi-Hl of Fig. 3.

Fig. 12 is a vertical sectional view similar to Fig. 2 of an alternative embodiment of my invention showing the device about to open, in full lines, with the same parts shown in dotted lines in a cushioning position substantially at the end of the opening stroke.

Fig. l3-is across sectional view taken along the line l3i3 of Fig. 12.

type shown in Fig. 1.

. The embodiment of my invention shown in Figs. 2-11 and the embodiment shown in Figs. 12 and 13 are particularly designed for this purpose.

'Saidpressing machine 2| includes the frame 22, a pressing buck 24 mounted on the frame, a

" pressing lever 26 of the first class pivotally mounted on the frame as at 28, having a power arm 36 andawork arm 32 havinga pressing head i 34' mounted thereon to move to arcl'osed position into pressing contact with th'ebuck 24 as: shown in full lines in Fig. I.

Said pressing maohinehas the usual power applying cylinder stand meana'such asithetspring 38 connected to said power arm, to normally urge said'power' arm to anopen" position, the

' nut 4T, to variably adjust the tension thereof.

The:- tr-ansmutable lever linkage connecting means 5! connecting theupper end of said piston rod M with the power arm of the pressing lever 26 is capableof -rapidly closing-said pressing-lever, and ate predetermined 'portionof its stroke applying apressingpressure', "and it has an. input member Ml'connected'to' said piston rod 44 as at 5G, movable initially at aspeed to closethe press and thereafter at a speed to apply pressure, and

- to open initially at aspeed to release themessure and thereafter ate-speed to open the press. As shown in the drawingalconnectimyi improved two-way-hydraulic'check 20 to said input member 48 atthe p'oint 52 to move at said "controlled speeds-during the different portions of the opening and closing strokes, and so set' my improved check in themanner to be explained,

as acheckto cushion the movement of said pressing lever 23 and input-member 48 substantially at the end of the morerapid closing and opening movements of'theinput member of said linkage and hence closing and "opening :movements of thepressing lever as distinguished from pressure-applying movements of said pressing lever.

- My-improved check is pivotally mounted on the pivot'point 53 located adjacent the rear end of --the frame 22.

- My improved oil che'ck'ZD for a member 26 moving alternately in'opposite directions comprises the reservoir 54 mounted against axial movement,

in the embodiment shown being pivotally-meunted as at 53 on a lower portion of the pressing machine frame to check the oscillating movement of the power arm of the pressing lever in both directions, it being obvious that if it be desired to check the true reciprocating movement of a truly reciprocating member in a straight line, that it would be fixedly mounted.

Said reservoir 54 has the cylindrical inner wall 56. Said reservoir 54 has a lower annular valve seat 62 and an upper valve seat 54 at each respective end thereof and a lower reservoir extension 66 and an upper reservoir extension 68 beyond said respective valve seats.

One decidedly novel feature of my invention resides in the fact that I telescopically mount a reciprocating cylinder within and at a spaced distance from the cylindrical inner wall 56 of the reservoir so as to provide the annular axial passage means 12 between the outer wall of said cylinder H3 and the cylindrical inner Wall 56 of the reservoir 54 connected respectively to said lower and upper reservoir extensions 56 and 68 respectively.

Said cylinder 76 is of a length to be reciprocated by fluid pressure at least a short distance to have its respective ends alternately in contact with an alternate lower and upper opposite valve seat 62 and 6 5 respectively.

I provide the lower end of the cylinder 76 with the valve forming hollow end closure '56 providing axial passage means 18 from the center of said cylinder leading to the lower reservoir extension 36, and the upper end with the upper valve forming end closure 80 having the axial holes 82 therein providing the axial passage means 82 from the center of the cylinder leading to the upper respective reservoir extension (58, said end closures being closable on contact with the respective valve seat 62 or i l to stop the passage of fluid to its respective reservoir extension 66 and 68 respectively.

Said cylinder is also provided with one or more radial passage means 8% intermediate the ends thereof.

I also provide a piston head 86 reciprocal in said cylinder adapted through the medium of the fluid pressure caused by its movement to also reciprocate said cylinder 70 to bring a respective end thereof against a respective valve seat, and I provide a piston rod 88 connected to said piston head 86 projecting upwardly through said upper cylinder valve 80, reservoir valve seat 64 and extending through the upper end of said reservoir and having its upper end connected to said moving member, in the embodiment shown, namely to said linkage input member iBas at 52 in the manner explained.

The piston head is preferably provided with the split piston ring 81 to prevent leakage and obtain additional friction to shift the cylinder.

The lower end of the reservoir has a reducing by-pass line Qil preferably of progressively decreasing eifective area preferably connected to said axial passage means 72 between said cylinder H! and reservoir 5d, operable when the piston head 85 passes below said radial passage means 84 to provide a less rapid fluid flow, providing a preferably progressively increasing cushioning effect on said movable member as it nears the end of its stroke in one direction.

The upper end of said reservoir also has a reducing by-pass line 92 preferably of progressively decreasing effective area connected to the axial passage means 12 between said cylinder 70 and reservoir 54, operablewhen the piston head 86 6 passes above said radial passage means 84 to provide a less rapid fluid flow, providing a preferably progressively increasing cushioning effect for the end of the movable member in the opposite direction.

In the embodiment shown in Figs. 1-13, the radial passage means 84 is located near the bottom of the cylinder, due to the peculiar construction of the pressing machine so as to provide an early cushioning effect for the closing portion of the stroke, continuing as the piston head passes upward during the pressure applying portion of the closing stroke.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 14, however, I have employed the spaced radial passage means 84a" and 84b", so that the cushioning efiect will only take place after the piston head 86 passes the last one in each direction, thus providing the center portions of its strokes with no cushioning effect at all.

I have shown in the drawings various forms in which the upper and lower reducing by-pass lines a2 and so may be made. In the preferred embodiment shown in Figs. 1-11 for use in the prising'a circular row of small holes 92 in the hollow lower end of the piston rod of smaller effective area than said radial cylinder passage means 84.

In the embodiment 29" shown in Fig. 14, wherein the upper reducing by-pass line is of progressively decreasing area, it may comprise a row 92" of small axially aligned holes in the cylinder providing a reducing by-pass line of progressively decreasing area connecting the portions of the cylinder above and below said piston head, providing aprogressively increasing cushioning effect.

In the embodiment 2!! shown in Figs. 1-11 and also in the embodiment shown in Figs. 12 and 13, the lower reducing by-pass line is tapered inwardly to be of progressively decreasing area to provide a progressively increasing cushioning effect to be described structurally in more detail later herein.

In the embodiment 20 shown in Figs. l-ll, the reducing by-pass line may comprise the adjustable needle valve 9! extending within said by-pass line specifically withinthe radial hole I94.

The embodiment 28 of my invention shown in Figs. 1-11 is for use in a pressing machine and is constructed specifically as follows:

The cylindrical reservoir 54 has the external threads 94 near the upper end thereof and the external. threads 95 near the lower end thereof. I provide a pivot head 98 comprising a cylindrical cap 98, having internal threads Hill for threading on the threads 96 on the lower end of the reservoir, and having an internally threaded cylindrical wall Hi2 projecting upwardly centrally thereof, having the radial hole I64 therein, forming an outer annular reservoir I35 connected to said axial passage means'iZ between said reservoir and cylinder, and a central internally threaded well its connected by said radial hole le t to said annular reservoir Hie.

I may, if desired, for the lower by-pass, provide the radial needle valve t! for said radial hole lei-adjustable from without said reservoir. The pivot head E38 has the pivot lugs I It project- 7 8 I '"ingediametricaliyadotvnwitrddmtherefromohaiyi g :-:ribs:;;l3516mmectinerupward ye r m:s id ba es ligned etransyerse pivot pin: jnoles e! {"2 v 1 at ;a :spaced; ;.dis tance tram said -l-reseryoir; -wall, tolereceireethe pivotzpin elsionpiyotallprovid n a; central re e y rupp rextr nsi A 39 l.lmgletheereservoiruohnthe frame irksthezmanner --;-land onrlq ti n Al -moun ed. saidir bszralso explained. i abutt n 1thecy n er w l hail the en ral-ch .The upper end:-l;l4 .oI saidlcyl l dl'icail wan m2 :rlowr-re er-v on-Hiinthc upnen u facethe o -a is ienlargedltolnprovidethe-flower; zvalvegseat" 62 spaced axial fill;and-yent ducts I4 B (see;. .g 6) onl-zthe outer-:portionythereof. .1;extend neudewnwardly f om said e e vqirra a A; a portion ofzsaid byepass, -rI;-zlprovide-..the screen ;;-q|,48, -:hav. ne aw-gcentral -piston;;ho1e;gl50 aper assemblyehaving:thezlowfirrthreaded-shank mlpmounted onesm e m o isa dleu e memb r {a threadedlwithmsaidwell;a,centralnut'porxea dza hoi wcyl nd ical intern yrthreaded ap -EitiOIi-EIZQihfiYiD-rQ'jOQIEififiti: sides as :shown in ,Fig. lfii for t fieguppereend oiasaid reservoin-threaded 11 extending withinrthe hollow; closure,- ligand on the external-threads;94,thereof. toxnprovidezwitn. thellowersend; oft-said hollow :1: imztheembodiment ShOWI heoipp naen 0f 1:,,closurezthe;axial-massagev 1 8 as show-:11 in1-Fig. 11 15 -aid:,=piston- ;rod;8fi-ghas; a;;clevis ;l54 haying-up- :1 betweenithef'innfihcil'clllar --;wall 11 of" said hollow e:wardly; vpr.0iectingradiome ric; arm l55:-hav L1; closure: 6 giandathe zfiat side-walls of saidggmit .e aligned pintleiholes. herein projectingnpwardly portion I'20withrthelower edge of said nut por- ,s to; receiyegthe pivotipin 61; for attachment to the ::1tion1--resting on the-inner-portionof said endtop clsfast, movingjnput member 48 of saidjlinleage 51. wall H4, providing the {outer-portionthereof to l Itisthusobviousthatwithzthis construction on "-;.-.-function as the-lower Valve-seat 62. T3,;thegdOWnSHOKB) Q, the;piston, said l'pistonrand 113180 provideythe hollow-inwardlyandupfluid pressurevurge Said; cylinder 19 downwardly e*wardly gtaperedrtube; -l22wprojecting upwardly against the lower cylinder valve seat 52:17.;Th8 ;-.through the axial passage meanslB of said valve ycushioningi. fluid'eilfifll may; first flow ireely;v out- -'closure-eandttheelower end of the cylinden; T0 2 .,wardlyrthroughgsaid-lower-largecylinder radial omplete said byepass-imeans,{provide a cylin- \-;-rho1.es 8.4;upuzardly-in the channel ,'l2;bet.weenlsaid :drical: hole"; 124; through: said -pistonehead and ycylinderr'llland reservoir54- int0l,said;upperreser- 1-1;ant-alignedcylindrical-holed inl-the-lower end vcir extension 68 ands-downwardly;through-line x" of; said pistonarod' 88 for-receiving the-tapered 57-1; axial holes 82 or passage in,=the-,.1lpp.er-;cylinder ubeqjnwtherein. aoovalyoe closure 80 atlthequpperend of the; cylinder :The:cylinderassembly-comprises-the, cylinder ins-the; manner shown :inzFigrguuntil said piston 7,0 of -;slightly -less: diameter thantheinternal -;:;he ad dfivpassesgbelow:saidzcylinderlradialsholes :;-:.;diameter OfqthGyI'GSBl'F/Oil wall 56-; forming the 1:. 8.4; whenfluidmay l-fiowlatva;decreasingiratetupannular passage 12 between its outer; periphery 1;;wardly intheidecreasingmnnular space between :and-said inner-walh Asgstated said cylinder has. ;said;-cy1indrica;l: pistonnrod holes-125 and :the ta- 7 a'circularrrow enlarge-spaced radial holes 84 ;pered;tubel22;:andzdownwardlyl through, said ta- -:-intermediate;the ends thereof,in-theembodiment, pered ltube I22 andavellilflfiy'outwardly through rt -near the flower? end -thereof,-and the row 92 of gwsaid radial; partitionmalliholeHi4 and upwardly smallerspaced -radialeholes forming the'upper through said reseryoireextens ion 66, and-theanbyepass-v-near ;the;::l1pper:zend 'ilhGI'EOf-r A the aoynular channel'lzi between; saidrcylinderand res- "pk-valve: 'lfi for ;the lower end Ofnthe cylinder, I ervoir, to be dischargedt nwardly through said :"provide theaannularpplug 'ifivhavingthe" central c- :radial;ho1,es ,84 and/or: downwardlygthrough said circular hole TI surroundingesaid :tapered tube .aXiai=,- holes 82 toscushion with increasinggpresgamut-"portion 42,0 tozprovidethe -axial' passage sure the end of the stroke of said movable 'mem- A 8 :to permit axialsflowwbetween said-nutportion benin-one direction, inna pressing machine on the "-izhrandplugx'ifi as atifi as-shown Fig, 1.1 to end ofithewpeningstroke of thepressingqleven andzfronr its reservoir-extension 66, namely;, the and on;the:movel nent of saidmember in the op- 'eservoirzi B5,; radial s hole-i 04 and welt Hi8. 1 osl-te.- r1irection-:.said piston :head 86: maygsmove is l-I-"alSOIPIOVidB'JthGQhollowibushing orclosure aupwardl-y, to urgeqsaid cylinder 'Hlmnwardly to forming the upper valve mkfor the upper end ifrgePSaiQ-Q Q yaIy sa t t of said cylinder; having the cent l 'p fl rod lewcausing said projecting icylindrical'portion I32 or hole i2asand the annular wall; 1-391 exterior of-said l pper valveseat 4 to, close-the upper axial =valve hole, havingztheciroumferentialiy;spaced'circular bushing-holes s2; permitting oil-to fiow outwardly row of axial holes SZtherein'proVidingthe axial hroughthelower radial holes 8 4 in-the cylinder, passage-means 82-.between'theupper end of the downwa-rdltrz through the annular space i2 becylinder 1i) and-the reservoir: extension 68,rname- -qtwleerr said;cylinder and reservoin-inwardly bely, the space between-theupper end 'of the:cy1in tween said cylinder end and lower-valve seat 62, der Ill and-the lowerrend of the piston rode zlaxially invthespal saee- 18 etwe n s nu and e; :member13i. .;r.c1osure:.wallmntii said pistcn;;- head passes said As stated,=I-xproviderthe piston-head 86 having m 1&(11311110188 ii thBIL11LiPWEjJ'd1Y and outwardly the central-hole I24 therein reciprocal :within {-.--'t h r0ugh said small .by-pass; holes Sig-downwardly :1: said cylinder 10 and the, piston rod 88 having the ..;,thr oug-h said;annu1ar passage T2=-,and-i nwardly i lower .end contained lwithimthecentral-hole I24 thr oughcsaid; rfiQi2111'hO1eS'84 to; permit the fluid ofethe piston, having ithe.oylindricalholei26 ex- -to:-fiow outwardly; through said small -uppe r ;xtendingupwardlysubstantiallythe height of -said inder radial holes :9'2.gonly to gcushionthe-end of -,=:=tapered:tuberlfl:therein to provide anannular the; stro kegof thermqving member in the-opposite "passage way; extendingfupwardly, of decreasing l --directionx -The embodiment 20 shown imFigs. area;asxsaidpistonrod drops downwardly to cover :3 and- 1:3- is: suhstantiai l-li identical to; the embodi- .saidztube. ment: Shown -in- -Figs.- 1,1l,; with theexception that I providea novel-:type of pistonrod guide I31 79 the radial holes 92 in the-impel, end o f;the cy1- for the upper end ofethe cylinder, comprising a --inder;ar e omittedand'thatacircularrowofsmall :base ;-|32 ofrsubstantially the diameter oi said 34113113310185 9 2' ;is;provided in -the.-,hollow1ower ;,reseryoir, having a centralpiston rod hole 134, an nd:,.-i 26 of; said piston rod 88. q'lhese function annular :portion: |36iorming-the va1ve seat 64 m onethe up trokeas, ,an-; b ep n inesaid l project LQ WHWB I'dIYI h9I I -E a ially spaced 75.: cylinder 1Dr:betw hlzop e ee d 1"-I2 86 to cushion the flnal portion of the up stroke and they also function on the down stroke to permit fluid from the lower portion of the cylinder to pass upwardly between the cylindrical piston hole I26 and the tapered member I22 and outwardly into the cylinder I through said radial piston rod holes 92', with said holes 92' thus also functioning as a portion of the by-pass for the down stroke of the check. In this embodiment, the tapered tube I22 comprises a tapered member I22 having a closed upper end to prevent any passage of fluid therethrough and permitting the device to function in the manner just explained.

I have shown in Fig. 14 an embodiment 20" of my invention exactly similar to that shown in Figs. 1-11, with the exception that I have provided an upper by-pass line of progressively decreasing area to provide a progressively increasing cushioning effect. For this purpose, as stated, I provide the axially aligned row of small axial holes 92" adjacent the upper end of the cylinder. In the position shown, fluid may first discharge outwardly through all of the four holes in the row, each hole being successively blanked off as the piston head 86 passes beyond it to cut down the area of the by-pass line to the progressively decreasing area of the sum of the area of the remaining holes to apply a progressively increasing cushioning effect as the member nears the end of its stroke. In this embodiment I have also shown two sets of radial cylinder holes 84a and 84b" located at spaced distances from the center of the cylinder, so that each respective upper and lower cushioning by-pass may function only on the ends of the stroke after the piston head 86 has passed by both said radial passage means 84a" and 84?)", providing no cushioning eifect at all as the piston head passes between said sets of holes 84a and 84b".

It is apparent that I have provided a novel single unit hydraulic check for checking portions of the opposite strokes of a member moving alternately in opposite directions, with the advantages described above.

It is understood that my invention is not limited to the specific embodiments shown and that various deviations may be made therefrom without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. A hydraulic check for a member moving alternately in opposite directions, comprising a reservoir mounted against axial movement, having a cylindrical inner wall and annular valve seats adjacent each end thereof and reservoir extensions beyond said valve seats, a cylinder of such small diameter as to provide annular axial passage means between the outer wall thereof and the inner cylindrical wall of the reservoir connected respectively to said reservoir extensions, of a length to reciprocate at least a short distance to be alternately in contact with an opposite valve seat, having hollow end closures forming valve means in each end thereof and providing axial passage means from the center of said cylinder leading to each respective reservoir extension, closable on contact with a respective valve seat to stop the passage of fluid to its reservoir extension and having radial passage means intermediate the ends thereof, a piston head reciprocal in said cylinder, operable to also reciprocate said cylinder to bring an end thereof against a respective valve seat, a piston rod connected to said piston head projecting upwardly through said upper cylinder valve and reservoir valve seat and 10 extending through the upper end of said reservoir and having its upper end operatively connectable to said moving member, thelower end of the reservoir having a reducing by-pass line of progressively decreasing effective area operable when the piston head passes belowsaid radial passage means to provide a less rapid fluid flow, providing a progressively increasing cushioning effect on said movable member as it nears the end of its stroke in one direction, the upper end of said reservoir having a reducing by-pass line connected to'the axial passage means between said cylinder and reservoir, operable when the piston head passes above said radial passage means to provide a less rapid fluid flow, providing a cushioning effect for the end of the stroke of the movable member in the opposite direction, said lower reducing by-pass comprising a cylindrical wall projecting upwardly from the lower end of the reservoir forming an outer annular reservoir extension connected to said axial passage means between said reservoir and cylinder and a central well, said wall having radial passage ineans connecting said reservoir extension with said well, with the upper end of said cylindrical wall forming the lower valve seat, and in whichthe radial hole in the cylindrical wall in the lower end of the reservoir has an adjustable needle valve extending therein to provide the re ducing by-pa-ss line for the lower end of the reservoir.

2. A hydraulic check for a member moving alternately in opposite directions, comprising a reservoir mounted against axial movement, having a cylindrical inner wall and annular valve seats adjacent each end thereof and reservoir extensions beyond said valve seats, a cylinder of such small diameter as to provide annular axial passage means between the outer wall thereof and the inner cylindrical wall of the reservoir connected respectively to said reservoir extensions, of a length to reciprocate at least a short distance to be alternately in contact with an opposite valve seat,having hollow end closures forming valve means in each end thereof and providing axial passage means from the center of said cylinderleading to each respective reservoir extension, closable on contact with a respective valve seat to stop the passage of fluid to its reservoir extension and having radial passage means intermediate the ends thereof, a piston head reciprocal in said cylinder, operable to also reciprocate said cylinder to bring an end thereof against a respective valve seat, a piston rod connected to said piston head projecting upwardly through said upper cylinder valve and reservoir valve seat and extending through the upper end of saidreservoir and having its upper end operatively connectable to said moving memher, the lower end of the reservoir having a reducing by pass line of progressively decreasing effective area operable when the piston head passes below said radial passage means to provide a less rapid fluid flow, providing a progressively increasing cushioning eifect on said movable member as it nears the end of its stroke in one direction, the upper end of said reservoir having a reducing by-pass line connected to the axial passage means between said cylinder and reservoir, operable when the piston head passes above said radial passage means to provide a less rapid fluid flow, providing a cushioning effect for the end of the stroke of the movable memher in the opposite direction, said lower reducing by-pass comprising a cylindrical wall pro- Elli tastingnpward'lyxfromthe lOWQI'BIlfi of the :reservoir -forming an outer zannular reservoir extension connectedto said axial "passage means heitweensaid reservoir and cylinder 'andra central well, 2 said 'wall havingzradialtpassage :means connecting said reservoir extension with said well, withthe upper end of saidscylindrical wall formthe lower valve seat and a :tapered member isproiecting upwardly "through the axial passage :means of :the hollow valve closure in the lower end of the cylinder and a cylindrical hole through said :piston head extending within the adjacent lowerlend of the piston rod for receiv- :ing said tapered member, said tapered member :havinga nut portion extending when assembled "withinthe cylindricalihole in the valve closure iii-or the lower end of the cylinder, providing an .axial passage between theflat walls of the nut and the internal cylindrical periphery of said val-veclosure.

--3. 1A hydraulic check for a member moving alternately in opposite directions, comprising a V reservoir mounted against axial movement, having .a cylindrical :inner wall and annular valve v, seats adjacent each end thereof and reservoir extensions beyond said valve seats, :a cylinder of such small diameter as to provide annular iaxial passage means between the outer wall thereof and the inner cylindrical wall of the reservoir connected respectively tosaid reservoir extensions, of a length to reciprocate at least a short-distance to be alternately in contact with an-opposite valveseat, havinghollo-w end closures fort-hing valve means in each .end thereof iandproviding axial {passage means from the center of saidcylinder leading to each-respective :r-es- :ervoir extension, closable on contact with a respective .valve seat to stop the passage of .fluid to its reservoir extensionand having radial passage means intermediate the'ends thereof, a pistonhead reciprocal in said cylinder, operable to :also reciprocate said cylinder to bring an end thereof against a respective valve seat, :a :piston rodwconnected torsaid piston head projecting 11p- ,wardiy through said upper cylinder valve and reservoir valve .seat and extending :through the upper end of said reservoir and having its upper endoperatively eonnectab'leto saidmoving member, the-lower-end of the reservoir having a .re- :ducing by-ipass line operable when the :piston head passes below said radial passage means to provide a less rapid fluid flow, providing a cushioningefiect onsaid movable member as it nears "the end of :itsstroke in one direction, the upper endof said reservoir having a reducing ,sby-pass line operable 'whenthe piston head passes above saidrradialgpassage means to provide a less rapid fi i p v di g a cushioning effect for the cndnf the stroke of the movable-member in the opposite direction, saidaxial passage means from $118 center of said cylinder leading to the upper ireservoir'extension comprising a circular :row of axiahholesin said closure .for the upper end of said cylinder and the valve seat for said holes comprising 'a cylindrical projection extending -downwardly from the upper end .of said reservoir adapted to-close said circular row of axial holes.

14. :A-hydraulic check for amember moving alternately in opposite directions, comprising a, reservoir mounted against axial movement, having a cylindrical inner wall and annular valve seats adjacent each end thereof and reservoir extensions beyond said valve seats, .a cylinder of such smaildiameter as to provide annular axial pasage means between the outer wall thereof and 332 the inner cylindrical wall of the reservoir connected-respectively to said reservoir extensions, ofta length to reciprocate at least a short distance to be alternately in contact with an opposits valve seat, having hollow end closures forming valve means in each end thereof and providing axial passage means from the center of saidcylinder leading to each respective reservoir extension, closable on contact with a respective valve seat to stop the passage of fluid to its reservoir extension and having radial passage means intermediate the ends thereof, a piston head reciprocal in said cylinder, operable :to also reciprocate said cylinder to bring an end thereof against .a respective valve seat, a piston rod connected to said-piston head projecting upwardly through said upper cylinder valve and reservoir valve seat and extending through the upper end of said reservoir and having its upper end operatively connectable to said moving member, the lower end of the reservoir having a reducing bypass line operable when the piston head passes below said radial passage means to provide a less rapid fluid flow, providing a cushioning effect on said movable member as it nears the end of its stroke incne direction, the upper end of said reservoir having a reducing by-pass line operable when the piston head passes above said radialfpassage means to provide a less rapid fluid flow, providing a cushioning efiect for the end of'th'es-troke of the movable member in the opposite direction, said closure for the upper end of the reservoir comprising a piston rod guide -,comprising a cylindrical lower end of substantial- :ly the diameter iof the internal cylindrical peripheryof said reservoir contained within said 'reservoir having a central piston rod hole, a -cylindrical valve seat projecting downwardly therefrom, axially spaced ribs projecting upwardly from said base at a spaced distance from the housing wall and a cylindrical top portion mounted on said ribs having a center hollow annular reservoir in the upper surface thereof and spaced axial ducts extending downwardly from said reservoir.

5. .A hydraulic check for a member movin alternately in opposite directions, comprising a reservoir mounted against axial movement, having a cylindrical inner wall and annular valve seats adjacent each end thereof and reservoir extensions-beyond said valve seats, a cylinder of such small diameter as to provide annular axial passage means between the outer wall thereof and the :inner cylindrical wall of the reservoir connected respectively to said reservoir extensions, of a length to reciprocate at least a short distance .to be alternately in contact with an op- ,posite valve seat, having hollow end closures forming valve means in each end thereof and providing axial passage means from the center of said cylinder leading to each respective reservoir extension, closable on contact with a respective valve seat to stop the passage of fluid to its res- ;ervoir'extension and having radial passage means intermediate the ends thereof, a piston head reciprocal in said cylinder, operable to also reciprocate said cylinder to bring an end thereof against alrespective valve seat, a piston rod connected to said piston head projecting upwardly through said upper cylinder valve and reservoir valve seat and extending through the upper end of said reservoir and having its upper end operatively connectable to said moving member, the lower end of the reservoir having a reducing by-pass line pperable when the piston head passes below said radial passage means to provide a less rapid fluid flow, providing a cushioning effect on said movable member as it nears the end of its stroke in one direction, the upper end of said reservoir having a reducing by-pass line operable when the piston head passes above said radial passage means to provide a less rapid fluid flow, providing a cushioning eflect for the end of the stroke of the movable member in the opposite direction, said piston rod providing a guide means for the upper end of said cylinder, and independent guide means extending upwardly from the lower end of the reservoir for guiding the lower end of said cylinder, said means comprising a tapered said cylinder and having a nut portion extending within the cylindrical hole in the lower valve closure.

FRANK C. LORNITZO.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,313,763 Thomas Aug. 19, 1919 1,445,615 Ferres Feb. 13, 1923 1,494,135 Robison et al. May 13, 1924 Bechereau et al. July 20, 193"! 

